Javan listed as the fourth son of Japheth. It is fitting, therefore, that in his dirge over the downfall of the mistress of the sea, Ezekiel should represent Tyre as a gallant ship, well built, well furnished, and well manned, broken by the seas in the depths of the waters, fallen into the heart of the seas in the day of her ruin. Tarshish is mentioned in the prophecies of Scripture as having an important role in the last days. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Contrary to translations that have been rendering Assyrian tar-si-si as 'Tarsus' up to the present time, Thompson argues that the Assyrian tablets inscribed in Akkadian indicate tar-si-si (Tarshish) was a large island in the western Mediterranean, and that the poetic construction of Psalm72:10 also shows that it was a large island to the very distant west of Phoenicia. Reference to the minerals silver, iron, tin, and lead has been linked with Spain since extensive mining has been conducted in the mountains of south-western Spain. Tyre was a maritime power and she built her own ships to bring merchandise to Tyre. Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars (Ezekiel 27:4-6). Its one of those words that we often skip over because it seems insignificant or hard to pronounce. In the 19th century there were 400 mines in Cornwall employing 18,000 people. Silver and iron were minerals that could be found in many locations in the area of the Mediterranean Sea. Put and Libya are located in northern Africa. We should note that Cassiterite is tin dioxide from which tin is extracted. ", Tarshish is placed on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea by several biblical passages,[18] and more precisely: west of Israel. (2010). In Other Books:In 2 Corinthians 11:25 Paul mentions among sufferings he had endured for Christ's sake that thrice he had suffered shipwreck, and that he had been "a night and a day in the deep," implying that he had been in danger of his life clinging to a spar, or borne upon a hurriedly constructed raft. 1 Although a number of locations have been proposed, for a long time the consensus has been that Tarshish was located at Tartessos at the mouth of the Gua- dalquivir in southern Spain,2 but in recent years a number of scholars, including Arie van der Kooij and Andr Lemaire, have reargued the older view (first attested. The obvious answer is Saudi Arabia, ancient Sheba and Dedan! We have already noted the historical record which assumes that Tartessus was in Spain and that Tarshish was Tartessus however, it also acknowledged that tin was sourced from Cornwall as follows: Tin came primarily from Cornwall in the British Isles, and was brought back by the Phoenicians; it was combined with copper, abundant in south west Spain, to produce bronze. have you assembled your company to take the prey? Today each is just a shadow of their former selves. Solomon landed his timber and other materials for the Temple at Joppa, and tradition has handed down what is called "Solomon's Harbor" there. Egyptian ships on the Red Sea about the time of the Exodus, from reliefs of the XIXth Dynasty, had one mast and two yards, and carried also one large square sail. Hacksilber objects in these Phoenician hoards have lead isotope ratios that match ores in the silver-producing regions of Sardinia and Spain, only one of which is a large island rich in silver. (2) ploiarion, "a little boat" (Mark 3:9 and two other places, John 6:22; 21:8). [Eds. It is also true thatthe mountains of Wales, just north of Cornwall have been a source of all the mineralslisted in Ezekiel 27:12. In the late Bronze Age and into the early Iron Age, tin was a necessary ingredient for making bronze. There is no restraint any more. : Southern Phoenician hacksilber hoards and the location of Tarshish. However, tin only came from a select few places. And the ships were wrecked and were not able to go to Tarshish. Attempts have been made to identify it with Tarsus of Cilicia, but they are not convincing. No other nation in history has created an empire of colonies like the British Empire. It took three whole years to make the trip, and the merchant ships came, bringing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and monkeys (2 Chronicles 9:21 NKJV). Sealed silver in Iron Age Cisjordan and the 'invention' of coinage. commentators have thought Tarshishwas Tartessus which appears inGreek mythical writings. The name of this place first comes to notice in the days of Solomon. Thus, since there was such substantial trade with the continent known today as America, "the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof" must include the "young lions" of the United States, along with those of Britain and kindred folk in northern Europe. In fact, in ancient times, the British Isles were known as the Cassiterides, which means Tin Islands.. (Ezekiel 27:25; emphasis added) What About Tarshish Today? He went down to Joppa, and found a ship going to Tarshish; so he paid its fare, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of Yahweh. It was Simon Maccabeus, however, who built its harbor, and the harbor at Joppa was "the first and only harbor of the Jews" (G. A. Smith, HGHL, 136). Throughout history the family of Javan have been merchants, traders and colonizers. The merchants of Tarshish; the inhabitants of the sea-coast westward, and Magog north. The Greeks excelled with colonies in the Black Sea, Asia Minor and around the Mediterranean. Herodotus tells the story of a boat that was driven by a storm past the Pillars of Hercules and ended up in Tertessus: The crew, informed by Corobius of all the circumstances, left him sufficient food for a year. ( Genesis 10:4 ; 1Kings 10:22 ; 1Chronicles 1:7 ; Psalms 48:7 ; Isaiah 2:16 ; Jeremiah 10:9 ; Ezekiel 27:12 Ezekiel 27:25 ; Jonah 1:3 ; 4:2 ) The identity of the two places is rendered highly probable by the following circumstances: 1st. The Jews like the Egyptians and the Assyrians had a natural shrinking from the sea, and Ecclesiasticus interprets their feeling when he says: "They that sail on the sea tell of the danger thereof; and when we hear it with our ears, we marvel" (43:24).III. Hiram also undertook to make the cedar and the fir into rafts (1 Kings 5:9, dobheroth, the King James Version "floats"; 2 Chronicles 2:16, raphcodhoth, "flotes" the King James Version, "floats" the Revised Version (British and American)) to go by sea and to deliver them to Solomon's men at the place appointed, which the Chronicler tells us was Joppa. Is It Ok for Christians to Follow Zodiac Signs? Jonah 4:2 He prayed to Yahweh, and said, "Please, Yahweh, wasn't this what I said when I was still in my own country? Implied is that Tarshish may be in the same geographic region as Sheba and Dedan. My contention is that Tarshish could possibly be the modern day nation of Great Britain. The ships of Tarshish were carriers of your (Tyre's) merchandise. Oil is transacted in US dollars. [32], Bochart, apart from Spain (see there), also suggested eastern localities for the ports of Ophir and Tarshish during King Solomon's reign, specifically the Tamilakkam continent (present day South India and Northern Ceylon) where the Dravidians were well known for their gold, pearls, ivory and peacock trade. "Ships of Tarshish" is an expression sometimes denoting simply ships intended for a long voyage ( Isaiah 23:1 Isaiah 23:14 ), ships of a large size (sea-going ships), whatever might be the port to which they sailed. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. 1 Chronicles 7:10 forms part of a genealogy mentioning in passing a Jewish man named Tarshish as a son of a certain Bilhan. Proud member You were filled and very glorious in the midst of the seas. King Solomon's silver? Gen 10:2 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Tarshish here is a reference to the mercantile power of Britain which is inextricably linked with the Emirs of Arabia. Tarshish was located on the Mediterranean Sea and was usually identified with the powerful Phoenician trading colony in southwest Spain near modern Cadiz. What does the phrase "the merchants of Tarshish" mean? 2nd. Archealogical research in Cornwall recently identified ancient harbour facilities along with evidence of ancient structures. 1. ), translated "vessel" in The Wisdom of Solomon 14:1, but "ship" elsewhere. Thus, with regard to the ships of Tarshish, which Jehoshaphat caused to be constructed at Ezion-geber on the Elanitic Gulf of the Red Sea, (. However, seemingly insignificant things in the Bible are sometimes the key to unlocking its greatest treasures. If we can identify the source of these metals in the ancient world (6th century BC) then we can be certain about which country is Tarshish in the last days. No other nation in history has created an empire of colonies like the British Empire. The prophecies concerning Tarshish best fit Britain. Elle se rendit auprs de Salomon, et elle lui dit tout ce qu'elle avait . Tarshish (Phoenician: TR, Hebrew: Tar, Greek: , Tharseis) occurs in the Hebrew Bible with several uncertain meanings, most frequently as a place (probably a large city or region) far across the sea from Phoenicia (modern Lebanon) and the Land of Israel.Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to . Tarshish. The queen is first mentioned in I Kings 10:1-13 and in II Chronicles 9:1-12 in the Bible, then in the later Aramaic Targum Sheni, then the Quran, and finally the Ethiopian work known as the Kebra Negast; later . In the "Blessing of Jacob" and in the "Blessing of Moses" Zebulun and Issachar are so connected (Genesis 49:13 Deuteronomy 33:19); and in Deborah's Song, which is acknowledged to be a very early fragment of Hebrew literature, Dan and Asher are also spoken of as connected with the life and work of the sea (Judges 5:17). The Bible definitely gives the indication that Tarshish was far away from Israel. Tarshish is mentioned in a prophecy in the Book of Isaiah 60:1-12. . Isaiah speaks of "vessels of papyrus upon the waters" of the Upper Nile, on board of which are the messengers of Cush or Ethiopia returning to tell the tidings of the overthrow of Assyria to the inhabitants of those remote lands (18:2 the King James Version has "bulrushes" instead of "papyrus"). }. I Kings 10:22; Jer. [20], The context in Isaiah23:6 and 66:19 seems to indicate that it is an island, and from Israel it could be reached by ship, as attempted by Jonah (Jonah1:3) and performed by Solomon's fleet (2Chronicles9:21). This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. There are three schools of thought where Tarshish is concerned. display: none !important; The Assyrian monuments contain representations of naval engagements and of operations on the seacoast. The same book notes it as a striking example of the case of a divine and beneficent Providence that "men entrust their lives to a little piece of wood, and passing through the surge on a raft are brought safe to land" (Wisd 14:1-5). The metals were reportedly obtained in partnership with King Hiram of Phoenician Tyre (Isaiah23), and fleets of ships from Tarshish. Ezekiel also, foretelling the overthrow of Egypt, speaks of messengers traveling with the news on swift Nile boats to strike terror into the hearts of the "careless Ethiopians" (30:9). From the land of Kittim it is revealed to them. Ezekiel, in 587BC described all of the commodities sold in the market place of Tyre and stated that. The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence in between the late 15th century until the early 19th century. Limited Time Offer! Meshech (whose name means "long, tall, or drawn out by force") is the sixth son of Japheth. Attempts have been made to identify it with Tarsus of Cilicia, but they are not convincing. The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (1437-1508 A.D.) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis." One possible identification for many centuries preceding the French scholar Bochart (d. B.C. Cush describes present-day Ethiopia and the black nations of Central Africa. (a) As regards rigging, the Phoenician ships of the time of Ezekiel, as seen in Assyrian representations, had one mast with one yard and carried a square sail. In the Acts of the Apostles3. Spain colonized South America but Britain colonized the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many more places. ATS Bible Dictionary. They were possessed of a considerable seaboard along the Mediterranean, but the character of their coast gave little encouragement to navigation. What is Tarshish called today? The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (1437-1508 A.D.) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis." One possible identification for many centuries preceding the French scholar Bochart (d. Some 19th-century commentators believed that Tarshish was Britain, including Alfred John Dunkin who claimed "Tarshish demonstrated to be Britain" (1844), George Smith (1850),[29] James Wallis and David King's The British Millennial Harbinger (1861), John Algernon Clarke (1862), and Jonathan Perkins Weethee of Ohio (1887). The location Tharsis in Spain is probably so named by the. In Wisdom, human life is described "as a ship passing through the billowy water, whereof, when it is gone by, there is no trace to be found, neither pathway of its keel in the billows" (Wisd 5:10). (2) One of the "seven princes" at the court of Ahasuerus (Esther 1:14 Massoretic Text). AUSTRALIA, There is no doubt Cornwall was the source of tin from the earliest times and that, It is possible that copper was mined in Spain but tin from Britain was mixed with it to make bronze. Tartessus may well have been the Arabic form of the name Tarshish and the Spanish appear to identify Tartessians as the early Britons. Lipiski, E. (2004). B.C. 1915. Pharaoh-necoh built up a powerful navy to serve him both in commerce and in war.SeePHARAOH-NECOH.Of explicit references to Egyptian ships in the Old Testament there are but few. . 2 Chronicles 20:36 and he joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish; and they made the ships in Ezion Geber. Javan had four sons of whom Tarshish was the second. Some think there was a Tarshish in the East, on the Indian coast, seeing that "ships of Tarshish" sailed from Eziongeber, on the Red Sea (, Probably Tartessus, a city and emporium of the Phoenicians in the south of Spain, represented as one of the sons of Javan. Fausset's Bible Dictionary says that the ancient city of Tarshish is located in Southern Spain. As a Persian name the word stands in relation with Teresh (2,221; 6:2), and with Tirshatha; all probably from the . It was at Ezion-geber near to Eloth on the Red Sea, in the land of Edom which David had conquered, that Solomon built his fleet, "a navy of ships" (1 Kings 9:26-28). Elle avait une suite fort nombreuse, et des chameaux portant des aromates, de l'or en grande quantit et des pierres prcieuses. The sail had also to serve "for an ensign" (lenes, Ezekiel 27:7). On another occasion, when the crowds were still greater, He went into a boat and sat "in the sea" with the multitude on the sloping beach before Him (Mark 4:1 Luke 5:3). [6] Recent research into hacksilver hoards has also suggested Sardinia. Herodotus travelled extensively gathering historical information (and myth)from Greece, Asia, Egypt and Persia but he never travelled to the western end of the Mediterranean or beyond the pillars of Herculeshence he was dependent on reports from others who had. It was a major center of trade and commerce in the ancient world. Tiras is the seventh and youngest son of Japheth in the Bible. What is Tarshish called today? "Tarshish is ancient Tartessus in the present-day nation of Spain. Again, cedar trees were brought from Lebanon by sea to Joppa, and thence conveyed to Jerusalem (Ezra 3:7).From Joppa Jonah fled to avoid compliance with God's command to go to Nineveh and preach repentance there (Jonah 1:1). In the 14th century, in the northern highlands of the Horn of Africapresent-day Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Djiboutithe story of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba took on a new meaning. These are Russia ,Turkey. Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to Phoenicia and Israel. Esarhaddon, Aur Babylon E (AsBbE) (=K18096 and E6262 in the British Museum and Istanbul Archaeological Museum, respectively) preserves "All the kings from the lands surrounded by sea from the country Iadanana (Cyprus) and Iaman, as far as Tarsisi (Tarshish) bowed to my feet." It is also interesting to note that one of Javan's sons Tarshish has become what is today modern day Spain. The name Tarshish (or Tharshish according to some translations) is assigned five times in the Bible: The first Tarshish is a son of Javan, son of Japheth, son of Noah (Genesis 10:4). Some have pointed out thatthere is a mining town in Spaincalled Tharsis but this is a recentdevelopment and obviously animported name by a British miningcompany. In The Wisdom of Solomon 14:6 Noah's ark is called a schedia, a "clumsy ship" (the literal translation "raft" in the Revised Version (British and American) is impossible).In the New Testament there are four words in use:(1) naus (Acts 27:41, the only place where it occurs, designating the large sea-going vessel in which Paul suffered shipwreck). Again we see that the exact alignment of nations predicted in Ezekiel 38 is in place today. 5 By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every . In this version of the tale, the queen has a name: Makeda. Dedan; Idumeans, or the most easterly parts of Arabia Deserta: by these are noted the eastern nations that assisted, say some. The question as to the locality of Tarshish has given rise to not a little discussion. Greece was formerly known as Javan (iavan) and was settled by the descendants of Javan the son of Japheth. The term tin islands could hardly be applied to Spain which is locatedin mainland Europe but it would fit well with the British Isles. Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church . The name Tartessus (sometimes Tartessos) has long been surrounded by myth. The location of Tarshish has been lost to time and has given rise to much discussion. Works on the monuments like Layard, Nineveh, II, 379;; Maspero, Ancient Egypt and Assyria; Ball, Light from the East, and Reissner, Cairo Museum Catalogue, "Models of Ships and Boats," 1913, contain descriptions and figured representations which are instructive. Thecommodities that came Tarshish are listed above and this gives us a clue as to where Tarshish was located. There are more than twenty references in the Old Testament to Tarshish (pronounced as: Tar-ish), but where in the world was the land of Tarshish? Tarshish is thought to be located in modern-day Spain or Portugal. 1st Chronicles 7:6-10 tells of a descendant of Benjamin named Tarshish. Of theextreme tracts of Europe towards the west I cannot speak with any certainty; for I do not allow that there is any river, to which the barbarians give the name of Eridanus, emptying itself into the northern sea, whence (as the tale goes) amber is procured; nor do I know of any islands called the Cassiterides (Tin Islands), whence the tin comes which we use. It was one of the most important, and at times the dominant, city of Phoenicia, whose citizens claimed it had been founded by the great god Melqart. The ancient capital of Saudi Arabia is still called Dedan on many maps today. (c) As regards cargo, it is to be noted that "the persons of men," that is, slaves, formed an article of merchandise in which Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, countries to the North, traded with Tyre.3. The Greeks refer to the Cassiterides, or tin islands, and describe them as being situated somewhere near the west coast of Europe. Nineveh was located at the intersection of important north-south and east-west trade routes, and its proximity to a tributary of the Tigris, the Khawar River, added to the value of the fertile agricultural and pastoral . In 2003, Christine Marie Thompson identified the Cisjordan Corpus, a concentration of hacksilver hoards in Israel and Palestine (Cisjordan). It may be a reminiscence of the sea when Paul in the very earliest of his Epistles (1 Thessalonians 4:16), speaking of the coming of the Lord, says "The Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout" en keleusmati), where the picture is that of the keleustes, giving the time to the rowers on board a ship. "Entry for 'TARSHISH'". of They have made all thy ship boards of fir trees of Senir: they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for thee. Answer (1 of 9): Tarshish - great-grandson of Benjamin; a "king" from the House of Judah, son of Bilhan, son of Jediael, son of Benjamin, son of Israel/Jacob - displaced during the 597 BC Seige of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. (1 Chronicles 7:6&10 KJV) Wikipedia is wrong on Benjamin's . I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending calamity" ( Jonah 4:2 ). The biblical phrase "ships of Tarshish" refers not to ships from a particular location, but to a class of ships: large vessels for long-distance trade. In the olden days, it was one of the largest and most affluent cities. Sheba, Dedan and the Merchants of Tarshish. Tyre (in modern-day Lebanon) is one of the oldest cities in the world, dating back over 4,000 years, during which it has been inhabited almost continuously. In regard to tin, the trade of Tarshish in this metal is peculiarly significant, and, taken in conjunction with similarity of name and other circumstances already mentioned, is reasonably conclusive as to its identity with Tartessus. When Isaiah pictures Yahweh as a better defense of Judah than the rivers and streams of Assyria and Egypt are to their people he says, "There Yahweh will be with us in majesty, a place of broad rivers and streams, wherein shall go no galley with oars ('oni shayiT), neither shall gallant ship (tsi 'addir) pass thereby.. Thy tacklings (ropes, cables) are loosed; they could not strengthen the foot of their mast, they could not spread the sail" (Isaiah 33:21, 23). Now the word of the Lord came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying, "Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and call out against it, for their evil has come up before me." But Jonah rose to flee to Tarshish from the presence of the Lord.He went down to Joppa and found a ship going to Tarshish. This may be referenced in Psalm48:7 which records "By the east wind you shattered the ships of Tarshish." T. K. Cheyne (18411915) thought that "Tarshish" of Genesis 10:4[26] and "Tiras" of Genesis 10:2[27] are really two names of one nation derived from two different sources, and might indicate the Tyrsenians or Etruscans.[28]. One view locates Tarshish to the East, accessible from Solomon's great seaport at Ezion Geber on the Red Sea. Beth-Togarmah is Turkey. Answer (1 of 3): Gog is the Land of Magog, the Prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal. Tarshish. Tarshish also occurs 25times in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible with various meanings: This is repeated in 2Chronicles20:37 preceded by the information that the ships were actually built at Ezion-geber, and emphasizing the prophecy of the otherwise unknown Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah against Jehoshaphat that "Because you have joined with Ahaziah, the Lord will destroy what you have made." Jonah 1:3; 4:2. Thompson, C.M. I. Tarshish was an ancient city located in modern day southern Spain, due north of Gilbratar. The end of the known world in his day was beyond the Pillars of Hercules which stand on either side of the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic which was described as the ocean. It seems as though today, Britain, as Tarshish, is now playing a subservient role behind the young lions of America in important geo . In the boat on which Jesus and the disciples were crossing the Lake after the feeding of the 5,000, Jesus was in the stern "asleep on the cushion" (Mark 4:38, the King James Version "a pillow"; Greek proskephalaion, "headrest"). 27:12). Tarshish in Scripture has "young lions" or offshoot nations such as colonies. From these verses commentators consider that "Ships of Tarshish" was used to denote any large trading ships intended for long voyages whatever their destination,[3] and some Bible translations, including the NIV, go as far as to translate the phrase ship(s) of Tarshish as "trading ship(s). He was followed by others, including Hertz (1936). 9 La reine de Sba apprit la renomme de Salomon, et elle vint Jrusalem pour l'prouver par des nigmes. Tarshish was a son of Javan, who settled the area of Southern Greece. Was there a joint nautical venture on the Mediterranean Sea by Tyrian Phoenicians and Early Israelites?'. 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