85, 24: PL 37, 1095 S. Hieronymus, Liber contra Vigl lantium, b: PL 23, 344. There are two sources in particular from which the pope constantly draws and to which he refers: Sacred Scripture first of all, and then the documents of the Second Vatican Council, especially the Constitutions on the Church (Lumen Gentium), Divine Revelation (Dei Verbum), and the Church in the Modern World (Gaudium et Spes). Communion is a notion which is held in high honor in the ancient Church (and also today, especially in the East). Mariac, sermo 4: PG 97, 865 A. This collegial union is apparent also in the mutual relations of the individual bishops with particular churches and with the universal Church. p. 7. having cooperated by charity that faithful might be born in the Church, who are members of that Head. (92) Its end is the kingdom of God, which has been begun by God Himself on earth, and which is to be further extended until it is brought to perfection by Him at the end of time, when Christ, our life,(93) shall appear, and "creation itself will be delivered from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the sons of God". III, q. 121-122: Tribuas eis, Domine, cathedram episcopalem ad regendam Ecclesiam tuam et plebem universam.. Cfr. Can., can. Deiparae, III: col. 361 D. S. Io. d Decentium: PL 20, 554 A; sansi 3, 1029; Denz. 109 r. Gerhohus Reich., De gloria ct honore Filii hominis, 10: PL 194, 1105AB. Pastors of the Church, following the example of the Lord, should minister to one another and to the other faithful. Four Major Constitutions - Print versions at UST Encycl. Haer. 6, Decretum de iustificatione, can. Since these duties, so very necessary to the life of the Church, can be fulfilled only with difficulty in many regions in accordance with the discipline of the Latin Church as it exists today, the diaconate can in the future be restored as a proper and permanent rank of the hierarchy. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp 219-220; Denz. ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER I - THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH 1. this sacred Council, being gathered together in the Holy Spirit, that by proclaiming his Gospel to every creature (cf. ecplicatio Gasscr in Conc. Encycl. (17) S. Ambrosius, Epist. S. Irenaeus, adv. 48: Mansi 51, 549 s. et 619 s. Leo XIII, Epist. (12*) It is charity which guides us to our final end. It seeks and experiences those things which are above, where Christ is seated at the right-hand of God, where the life of the Church is hidden with Christ in God until it appears in glory with its Spouse.(49). . Deut. Lumen gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. ), De Virg. Inter Mirifica, Decree On the Means of Social Communication, 1963. (22) Conc. (300) And so they turn their eyes to Mary who shines forth to the whole community of the elect as the model of virtues. 645 et 739. S. Augustinus, Serm. Full membership in the Church involves those who live under the visible representative of Christ. 3, 14; 4, 27 et 30;Hebr. Lumen Gentium holds a central place among council documents and has been received by the Church with nearly universal acclaim. (132) The Church has received this solemn mandate of Christ to proclaim the saving truth from the apostles and must carry it out to the very ends of the earth. 302 (600). Pius XII, Alloc. Then, with combined rejoicing we celebrate together the praise of the divine majesty;(18*) then all those from every tribe and tongue and people and nation (278) who have been redeemed by the blood of Christ and gathered together into one Church, with one song of praise magnify the one and triune God. 1917: 9 (1917) p. 268, Denz. Pius XII Litt. I, Sess. Between all the parts of the Church there remains a bond of close communion whereby they share spiritual riches, apostolic workers and temporal resources. Indeed Christ, the Son of God, who with the Father and the Spirit is praised as "uniquely holy," (1*) loved the Church as His bride, delivering Himself up for her. When she presented Him to the Lord in the temple, making the offering of the poor, she heard Simeon foretelling at the same time that her Son would be a sign of contradiction and that a sword would pierce the mother's soul, that out of many hearts thoughts might be revealed. Pius XI, Litt. 3, a. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Wherefore she is our mother in the order of grace. Provida Mater, 2 Febr. 2, 2 Tit. The Second Vatican Council met from 1962 to 1965 in four sessions (October-December 1962, September-December 1963, September-November 1964, and September-December 1965). 264 et 234. 1, 1 Col. 4, 11, et passim. (104) Everywhere on earth they must bear witness to Christ and give an answer to those who seek an account of that hope of eternal life which is in them.(105). Moreover, by the sacraments, especially holy Eucharist, that charity toward God and man which is the soul of the apostolate is communicated and nourished. For all of them shall know Me, from the least of them even to the greatest, saith the Lord. 2. 3:16; 6:19) guiding the Church in the way of all truth (cf. Acts 4:11; 1 Pt. Trid., Sess. Anastasius Antioch., Serm. II, 18: PL 32, 637 s. Pius XII Litt. I, ess. Bonaventura, In 4m Sent., d. 45, a. 122 Cf. 2008 2382 et passim. (49) Cfr. Therefore, this Sacred Synod encourages and praises the men and women, Brothers and Sisters, who in monasteries, or in schools and hospitals, or in the missions, adorn the Bride of Christ by their unswerving and humble faithfulness in their chosen consecration and render generous services of all kinds to mankind. Thus the Church prays and likewise labors so that into the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, may pass the fullness of the whole world, and that in Christ, the head of all things, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator, the Father of the universe. 1943: AAS 35 (1943) pp. By the sacred anointing of the sick and the prayer of her priests the whole Church commends the sick to the suffering and glorified Lord, asking that He may lighten their suffering and save them;(106) she exhorts them, moreover, to contribute to the welfare of the whole people of God by associating themselves freely with the passion and death of Christ. : ibid. Primasius, Comm. Funk, l, p. 244. PL 78, 224. 19, 1: PL 76, 1154 B. Botte, Sources Chr., pp. 3-16; Download Chapter 2: The Fate of Collegiality in the Postconciliar Church; pp. The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple (cf. She gives them the dispositions necessary for baptism, snatches them from the slavery of error and of idols and incorporates them in Christ so that through charity they may grow up into full maturity in Christ. Christi. (12) The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple. (23) Cfr. Hesychiu Hieros., In Lcv. (59*) Their power, therefore, is not destroyed by the supreme and universal power, but on the contrary it is affirmed, strengthened and vindicated by it,(60*) since the Holy Spirit unfailingly preserves the form of government established by Christ the Lord in His Church. By reason of the gift and role of divine maternity, by which she is united with her Son, the Redeemer, and with His singular graces and functions, the Blessed Virgin is also intimately united with the Church. S. Irenaeus, Adv. 3869-72. Those opinions therefore may be lawfully retained which are propounded in Catholic schools concerning her, who occupies a place in the Church which is the highest after Christ and yet very close to us. DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH. He directs it with hierarchical and charismatic gifts and adorns it with his fruits. When occasions arise, let this be done through the organs erected by the Church for this purpose. And there belong to or are related to it in various ways, the Catholic faithful, all who believe in Christ, and indeed the whole of mankind, for all men are called by the grace of God to salvation. (11*) In the lives of those who, sharing in our humanity, are however more perfectly transformed into the image of Christ,(275) God vividly manifests His presence and His face to men. (53) S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Lumen Gentium Quotes Showing 1-3 of 3. Bishops, as vicars and ambassadors of Christ, govern the particular churches entrusted to them (58*) by their counsel, exhortations, example, and even by their authority and sacred power, which indeed they use only for the edification of their flock in truth and holiness, remembering that he who is greater should become as the lesser and he who is the chief become as the servant. Encycl. (16) By the power of the Gospel He makes the Church keep the freshness of youth. As Supreme Pastor of the Church, the Supreme Pontiff can always exercise his power at will, as his very office demands. 5, 12-13; Phil. This practice of the counsels, under the impulsion of the Holy Spirit, undertaken by many Christians, either privately or in a Church-approved condition or state of life, gives and must give in the world an outstanding witness and example of this same holiness. Second Vatican Council, Lumen Gentium 16, November 21, 1964 "But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place among whom are the Muslims: these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day." 2, 1: PG 39 49 s. S. Thomas, In Col. 1, 18 cet. l9S8: AAS S0 (145R ) p. 220: Ia Iegittima sana laicita dello Stato .. (7) Cfr. Unusquisque proprium donum (idion charisma) habet ex Deo: alius quidem sic alius vero sic .. Cfr. They lovingly believe in God the Father Almighty and in Christ, the Son of God and Saviour. Abstract. 994 et 999 (1862 et 1868). Conc. Leo XIII, Epist. Origenes, Comm. On account of this sharing in their priesthood and mission, let priests sincerely look upon the bishop as their father and reverently obey him. By such a bond, a person is totally dedicated to God, loved beyond all things. S. Io. (7) Cfr. S. Augustinus, D Praed. (13) Cfr. Vat. (20) Conc. In this way the world may be permeated by the spirit of Christ and it may more effectively fulfill its purpose in justice, charity and peace. 1821 (3050 s.). (34) Cfr. Celebrating the Eucharistic sacrifice therefore, we are most closely united to the Church in heaven in communion with and venerating the memory first of all of the glorious ever-Virgin Mary, of Blessed Joseph and the blessed apostles and martyrs and of all the saints. Menti nostrae, 23 sept. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 660. It is also referred to as the "Dogmatic Constitution on the Church." Following the approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5, it was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. Cod. Pius XI, Litt. (16) De praxi effectiva consiliorum quae non omnibus imponitur, cfr. Origenes, In Is. Encycl. But for this power to be fully ready to act, there must be a further canonical or juridical determination through the hierarchical authority. (6) Cfr. Therefore, let the laity devotedly strive to acquire a more profound grasp of revealed truth, and let them insistently beg of God the gift of wisdom. 4, 1;-12: col. 387. Serm. (1) Cfr. 146 Cf. B. V. Mariae, Hom. (280) Then the whole Church of the saints in the supreme happiness of charity will adore God and "the Lamb who was slain",(281) proclaiming with one voice: "To Him who sits upon the throne, and to the Lamb blessing, and honor, and glory, and dominion forever and ever". 1943: ASS 35 (1943) p. 209 et 212. God's covenant relationship with the chosen people 'I will . PL 194, 1863 A. Hartel, p. 696. For this reason the laity, dedicated to Christ and anointed by the Holy Spirit, are marvelously called and wonderfully prepared so that ever more abundant fruits of the Spirit may be produced in them. (35) On this foundation the Church is built by the apostles,(36) and from it the Church receives durability and consolidation. Pius XII, Litt. (13*) It is supremely fitting, therefore, that we love those friends and coheirs of Jesus Christ, who are also our brothers and extraordinary benefactors, that we render due thanks to God for them (14*) and "suppliantly invoke them and have recourse to their prayers, their power and help in obtaining benefits from God through His Son, Jesus Christ, who is our Redeemer and Saviour. They should openly reveal to them their needs and desires with that freedom and confidence which is fitting for children of God and brothers in Christ. (231) This is a precious gift of divine grace given by the Father to certain souls,(232) whereby they may devote themselves to God alone the more easily, due to an undivided heart. 188, a. Christ was sent by the Father "to bring good news to the poor, to heal the contrite of heart",(79) "to seek and to save what was lost". S. Thomas, Summa Theol. (122) This characteristic of universality which adorns the people of God is a gift from the Lord Himself. It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. 6: Denz. (8) Cfr. X, Apologia Pauperum, c. 3, 3: cd. Vat. (50*) For in their locality these are the new People called by God, in the Holy Spirit and in much fullness. There is only one Spirit who, according to His own richness and the needs of the ministries, gives His different gifts for the welfare of the Church. 1875, et alloc. His mind and will in the matter may be known either from the character of the documents, from his frequent repetition of the same doctrine, or from his manner of speaking. 12:4 Gal. Rerum Ecclesiae: AAS 18 (1926) p. 68-69. Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen Gentium Christ is the Light of all Humanity . A Brief Look At "Lumen Gentium" In 1959, Pope John XXIII convened the Second Vatican Council. Constitutiones Apostolorum, 8, 28, 4: ed. (167) In them the faithful are gathered together by the preaching of the Gospel of Christ, and the mystery of the Lord's Supper is celebrated, that by the food and blood of the Lord's body the whole brotherhood may be joined together. Paulus Pp. (98) For He has bought it for Himself with His blood,(99) has filled it with His Spirit and provided it with those means which befit it as a visible and social union. Magnificate Dominum, 2 nov. 1954: AAS 46 (1954) p. 669. 44, 7: PG SS, 193. 67, 10: PL 9, 4S0; CSEL 22, p. 286. "(6*) Hence not a few of the early Fathers gladly assert in their preaching, "The knot of Eve's disobedience was untied by Mary's obedience; what the virgin Eve bound through her unbelief, the Virgin Mary loosened by her faith. 16. Vat.II, Const. Christ, present to us in His Body, which is the Church, is the one Mediator and the unique way of salvation. The profession of the evangelical counsels, then, appears as a sign which can and ought to attract all the members of the Church to an effective and prompt fulfillment of the duties of their Christian vocation. "(9*), 57. 21 November, 1964. Jesus cannot be understood apart from the history of Israel. 378-379; Denz. This must be admitted of necessity so that the fullness of power belonging to the Roman Pontiff is not called into question. For our Lord placed Simon alone as the rock and the bearer of the keys of the Church,(156) and made him shepherd of the whole flock;(157) it is evident, however, that the power of binding and loosing, which was given to Peter,(158) was granted also to the college of apostles, joined with their head. The phrase "with the consent of its head" is used to avoid the idea of dependence on some kind of outsider; the term "consent" suggests rather communion between the head and the members, and implies the need for an act which belongs properly to the competence of the head. As the assumed nature inseparably united to Him, serves the divine Word as a living organ of salvation, so, in a similar way, does the visible social structure of the Church serve the Spirit of Christ, who vivifies it, in the building up of the body. omnium diaconus factus .. Cfr. Phil. 3, ad 1. Though they differ from one another in essence and not only in degree, the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial or hierarchical priesthood are nonetheless interrelated: each of them in its own special way is a participation in the one priesthood of Christ. Since the kingdom of Christ is not of this world(120) the Church or people of God in establishing that kingdom takes nothing away from the temporal welfare of any people. Encycl : Mediator Dei: AAS 39 (1947) p . (1*) In the present era of time the Church was constituted and, by the outpouring of the Spirit, was made manifest. S. Ambrosius, In Ps. As St. Ambrose taught, the Mother of God is a type of the Church in the order of faith, charity and perfect union with Christ. (Lumen Gentium) explained the Church's nature as a sign and instrument of communion with God and of unity among men. Cf. In the first place amongst these there are the Muslims, who, professing to hold the faith of Abraham, along with us adore the one and merciful God, who on the last day will judge mankind. And behold I am with you all days even to the consummation of the world". (29) Hacr. tantum. Let it always be done in truth, in courage and in prudence, with reverence and charity toward those who by reason of their sacred office represent the person of Christ. S. Io. 1, 26: PL 23, 247 A. S. Augustinus, In Ps. (18) Cfr. 65, a. This determination of power can consist in the granting of a particular office or in the allotment of subjects, and it is done according to the norms approved by the supreme authority. 73, a. Reflection and discussion groups may already exist in the parish (committees, commissions, small faith communities) or they may be formed specifically for this . Encycl. From this arises their duty of working to implant and strengthen the Kingdom of Christ in souls and to extend that Kingdom to every clime. Without hierarchical communion the ontologico-sacramental function [munus], which is to be distinguished from the juridico-canonical aspect, cannot be exercised. Sagnard, Sources Chr., p 398. It is through the sacraments and the exercise of the virtues that the sacred nature and organic structure of the priestly community is brought into operation. 5, ad 1. III, 22, 4: PG 7, 9S9 A; Harvey, 2, 123. He Himself stands as the author and consumator of this holiness of life: "Be you therefore perfect, even as your heavenly Father is perfect". (126) But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. It flows forth from the superabundance of the merits of Christ, rests on His mediation, depends entirely on it and draws all its power from it. Sl, 2, 3: PL 38, 33S; Serm. His plan was to raise men to a participation of the divine life. This Sacred Council, following closely in the footsteps of the First Vatican Council, with that Council teaches and declares that Jesus Christ, the eternal Shepherd, established His holy Church, having sent forth the apostles as He Himself had been sent by the Father;(136) and He willed that their successors, namely the bishops, should be shepherds in His Church even to the consummation of the world. The Lord called them blessed in His Gospel and they are those whom "the God of all graces, who has called us unto His eternal glory in Christ Jesus, will Himself, after we have suffered a little while, perfect, strengthen and establish".(226). (13*) And just as the office granted individually to Peter, the first among the apostles, is permanent and is to be transmitted to his successors, so also the apostles' office of nurturing the Church is permanent, and is to be exercised without interruption by the sacred order of bishops. Besides this apostolate which certainly pertains to all Christians, the laity can also be called in various ways to a more direct form of cooperation in the apostolate of the Hierarchy (3*). But the whole process of Vatican II, including this document, did prove to be a catalyst for ecumenical dialogue in many ways. (259) For before we reign with Christ in glory, all of us will be made manifest "before the tribunal of Christ, so that each one may receive what he has won through the body, according to his works, whether good or evil"(260) and at the end of the world "they who have done good shall come forth unto resurrection of life; but those who have done evil unto resurrection of judgment". (73) Cfr. For from Him the whole body, being closely joined and knit together through every joint of the system, according to the functioning in due measure of each single part, derives its increase to the building up of itself in love".(190). The present-day conditions of the world add greater urgency to this work of the Church so that all men, joined more closely today by various social, technical and cultural ties, might also attain fuller unity in Christ. Lumen gentium explained. Pius XII, Litt. (2*) For by reason of the fact that those in heaven are more closely united with Christ, they establish the whole Church more firmly in holiness, lend nobility to the worship which the Church offers to God here on earth and in many ways contribute to its greater edification. (15*) They are consecrated by baptism, in which they are united with Christ. This is clearly proven by the example of so many holy founders. 17-33; This document is not meant for a public reader outside the church, but for the church itself. ctiam Ven. 16 Cf. Finally all Christ's faithful, whatever be the conditions, duties and circumstances of their livesand indeed through all these, will daily increase in holiness, if they receive all things with faith from the hand of their heavenly Father and if they cooperate with the divine will. 1, I, i, p. 22. The counsels are a divine gift, which the Church received from its Lord and which it always safeguards with the help of His grace. Rob. de I reform., Sess. (9) Cfr. Deiparae: PG 97, 1089-1109. This Church of Christ is truly present in all legitimate local congregations of the faithful which, united with their pastors, are themselves called churches in the New Testament. (57) Cfr. Constantinopolitanum II, ib. They must be prepared to make this profession of faith even in the midst of persecutions, which will never be lacking to the Church, in following the way of the cross. Benedictus XV, Epist. The Church thus portrays Christ in contemplation on the mountain, in His proclamation of the kingdom of God to the multitudes, in His healing of the sick and maimed, in His work of converting sinners to a better life, in His solicitude for youth and His goodness to all men, always obedient to the will of the Father who sent Him. (2) Paulus VI, Alloc. Ps. 61, 2: PL 35, 1800, et alibi saepe. (42) It is described as the spotless spouse of the spotless Lamb,(43) whom Christ "loved and for whom He delivered Himself up that He might sanctify her",(44) whom He unites to Himself by an unbreakable covenant, and whom He unceasingly "nourishes and cherishes",(45) and whom, once purified, He willed to be cleansed and joined to Himself, subject to Him in love and fidelity,(46) and whom, finally, He filled with heavenly gifts for all eternity, in order that we may know the love of God and of Christ for us, a love which surpasses all knowledge. As living stones we here on earth are built into it. Conc. For the Church is compelled by the Holy Spirit to do her part that God's plan may be fully realized, whereby He has constituted Christ as the source of salvation for the whole world. vitae spir., c. 18. 49. 7, 7: . 3913 ss. The laity have the principal role in the overall fulfillment of this duty. Pius XII, Alloc. M., Philad., 1, 1; Magn. 285 Cf. Because of the very economy of salvation the faithful should learn how to distinguish carefully between those rights and duties which are theirs as members of the Church, and those which they have as members of human society. LUMEN GENTIUM SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 ! - S. Io. Mediator Dei, 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 553; Denz. Having set forth the functions of the hierarchy, the Sacred Council gladly turns its attention. In it, the bishops, faithfully recognizing the primacy and pre-eminence of their head, exercise their own authority for the good of their own faithful, and indeed of the whole Church, the Holy Spirit supporting its organic structure and harmony with moderation. Alloc. (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. All the laity as a community and each one according to his ability must nourish the world with spiritual fruits. II-II, q. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Tridentinum, Sess. Christ, the great Prophet, who proclaimed the Kingdom of His Father both by the testimony of His life and the power of His words, continually fulfills His prophetic office until the complete manifestation of glory. Lumen Gentium 16 Posted on 28 August 2006 by catholicsensibility Non-Christians get a look by the council bishops, starting with Judaism: Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related in various ways to the people of God. 12, 48: Omni autem, cui multum datum est, multum quaeretur ab eo. (169) This power, which they personally exercise in Christ's name, is proper, ordinary and immediate, although its exercise is ultimately regulated by the supreme authority of the Church, and can be circumscribed by certain limits, for the advantage of the Church or of the faithful. Origenes, In Matth. Funk, I, p. 264. : Denz. etc. SUMMARY. (101) The baptized, by regeneration and the anointing of the Holy Spirit, are consecrated as a spiritual house and a holy priesthood, in order that through all those works which are those of the Christian man they may offer spiritual sacrifices and proclaim the power of Him who has called them out of darkness into His marvelous light. 12. (25*) For when Christ shall appear and the glorious resurrection of the dead will take place, the glory of God will light up the heavenly City and the Lamb will be the lamp thereof. 2: PL 92, 330. It is for this reason that the Church preserves and fosters the special character of her various religious institutes. Thus these religious are able to tranquilly fulfill and faithfully observe their religious profession and so spiritually rejoicing make progress on the road of charity. Whoever they are they are called upon, as living members, to expend all their energy for the growth of the Church and its continuous sanctification, since this very energy is a gift of the Creator and a blessing of the Redeemer. Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: Lumen Gentium . The religious state clearly manifests that the Kingdom of God and its needs, in a very special way, are raised above all earthly considerations. That is true in outstanding fashion of the mother of Jesus, who gave to the world Him who is Life itself and who renews all things, and who was enriched by God with the gifts which befit such a role. Report abuse. S. Augustinus, Bapt. (72), 8. Mystici Corporis AAS 35 (1943) p. 200 et passilr. Encycl. . It does not, however, have it in mind to give a complete doctrine on Mary, nor does it wish to decide those questions which the work of theologians has not yet fully clarified. Pius IX itt. Conc. He is before all creatures and in Him all things hold together. In order to reach this perfection the faithful should . Encycl. 55. Pius XI, Litt. For all who are in Christ, having His Spirit, form one Church and cleave together in Him. Conc. Since the Church, in Christ, is in the nature of ON THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF THE CHURCH AND IN PARTICULAR ON THE EPISCOPATE. 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